There’s something undeniably magical about standing in the shadow of a castle, where centuries of history come to life in every stone and tower. Visiting castles has always fascinated me, and England is home to some of the most captivating and historically rich fortresses in the world. Over the years, I’ve explored many of these landmarks, and each one has a story to tell, deeply rooted in centuries of history. From royal residences steeped in grandeur to battle-scarred fortresses guarding England’s shores, each castle tells its own captivating story. Whether you’re drawn to tales of kings and queens or simply love the beauty of ancient architecture, let me take you on a tour of England’s most stunning castles. Trust me, by the end, you’ll be planning your own adventure through these timeless wonders!
1. Warwick Castle: The Ultimate Medieval Fortress
Warwick Castle has stood for nearly a millennium, originally constructed in 1068 by William the Conqueror. Its strategic location on the River Avon made it a key stronghold during England’s most turbulent periods, particularly during the Wars of the Roses and the English Civil War. Warwick Castle became the ancestral seat of the powerful Earls of Warwick, including Richard Neville, known as the “Kingmaker” during the War of the Roses.
Why It’s Famous:
- Historical Significance: Warwick Castle played a pivotal role in English history, especially during the Wars of the Roses. It’s one of the best-preserved medieval castles in the country.
- The Earls of Warwick: The castle was the stronghold of the Earls of Warwick, one of the most influential families in medieval England.
- The Kingmaker: Richard Neville, the 16th Earl of Warwick, was a key player in the dynastic struggles of the 15th century, helping to depose two kings.
What I Saw:
- The Great Hall houses an incredible collection of medieval armour and weapons, making it easy to picture the castle in its wartime glory.
- I climbed the Towers and Ramparts for stunning views and wandered through the eerie Dungeons, which gave a chilling sense of the castle’s darker past.
What I Did:
- Watching the Trebuchet launch projectiles across the castle grounds was like stepping back into medieval warfare.
- The Falconry Displays were a majestic sight, and the Horrible Histories Maze made learning fun.
Why You Should Go: Warwick Castle’s rich history, stunning architecture, and engaging exhibits make it a must-see. It’s a place where the past comes alive, and I left with a deeper appreciation for England’s medieval legacy.
2. Windsor Castle: A Royal Residence with Centuries of Power
Windsor Castle is the longest-occupied castle in the world and has been a royal residence for over 1,000 years. Built by William the Conqueror in the 11th century, it has housed 39 monarchs, including Queen Elizabeth II, who made it her favourite weekend retreat. The castle has witnessed many historic events, including the burial of Henry VIII and, more recently, the wedding of Prince Harry and Meghan Markle.
Why It’s Famous:
- Oldest Occupied Castle: Windsor Castle has been continuously inhabited for over 1,000 years and remains a working royal palace.
- Royal Burials and Weddings: St. George’s Chapel is the final resting place of ten monarchs, including Henry VIII, and was the site of Prince Harry and Meghan Markle’s wedding.
- Lavish State Apartments: These apartments have housed royal treasures and hosted important state events for centuries.
What I Saw:
- The State Apartments were beyond stunning, with rooms filled with art from the Royal Collection, including works by Rembrandt and Rubens.
- Watching the Changing of the Guard was a quintessentially British experience.
- St. George’s Chapel was incredibly moving, knowing it’s the burial site of kings and the venue for royal weddings.
What I Did:
- I couldn’t miss the Changing of the Guard and took a relaxing stroll through Windsor Great Park afterward.
- The winter visit allowed me to tour the Semi-State Rooms, used by the Queen for private functions—an exclusive peek into royal life.
Why You Should Go: Windsor Castle offers a rare glimpse into both medieval and modern royalty. It’s a living piece of history, and you can feel the presence of the many kings and queens who have walked its halls.
3. Dover Castle: The Key to England’s Defences
Dover Castle has been called the “Key to England” for its role in defending the country from invasion for over 900 years. Its location on the White Cliffs made it a crucial stronghold, protecting the shortest crossing between England and continental Europe. Built in the 11th century and expanded during the reign of Henry II, it played a vital role in both medieval battles and as a command center during WWII.
Why It’s Famous:
- Strategic Importance: Dover Castle has been England’s first line of defence from the medieval period through to the 20th century.
- World War II Significance: The castle’s underground tunnels were used during WWII as a base for Operation Dynamo, the evacuation of Dunkirk.
- Henry II’s Great Tower: One of the finest examples of a medieval keep, it showcases the opulence and power of a king at the height of his reign.
What I Saw:
- The Great Tower, built by Henry II, was awe-inspiring, offering breathtaking views of the English Channel.
- The Secret Wartime Tunnels were haunting and incredibly moving—learning about their role in WWII, particularly the Dunkirk evacuation, was one of the most profound experiences of my visit.
- The ancient Roman Lighthouse was an unexpected highlight, being one of the oldest structures in Britain.
What I Did:
- Walking through the Operation Dynamo Experience brought the dramatic WWII evacuation to life.
- I couldn’t get enough of the panoramic views while walking the battlements, where you can truly appreciate the castle’s strategic importance.
Why You Should Go: Dover Castle offers a unique combination of medieval and modern history. From the Roman era to World War II, its layers of history make it one of the most fascinating castles in England.
4. Leeds Castle: The Loveliest Castle in the World
Leeds Castle, located in Kent, is often referred to as the “loveliest castle in the world.” First built in 1119, it was a royal residence for six medieval queens and later became a luxurious retreat for wealthy families. Its idyllic setting on islands in a lake formed by the River Len makes it one of the most picturesque castles in England.
Why It’s Famous:
- Royal Residence for Queens: Leeds Castle was a royal palace for six queens, including Eleanor of Castile and Catherine of Aragon.
- Picturesque Beauty: Its stunning location on two islands surrounded by a moat has earned it the title of the “loveliest castle.”
- Modern Use: In the 20th century, Leeds Castle was transformed into an opulent retreat by Lady Baillie, hosting glamorous parties for the elite.
What I Saw:
- The Castle Interiors were filled with luxury, showcasing the castle’s transformation from medieval stronghold to royal palace and, later, a lavish private home.
- The Lady Baillie Mediterranean Garden was a peaceful escape, with vibrant colours and a serene atmosphere.
- The moat surrounding the castle was beautiful—its reflections made for some of the best photos I’ve taken on my travels.
What I Did:
- I got lost in the Maze, which led to a grotto that felt like something out of a fantasy novel.
- The boat ride on the moat was a serene way to see the castle from a different perspective.
- Watching the falconry show added a touch of excitement to the otherwise tranquil experience.
Why You Should Go: Leeds Castle is the perfect mix of history and beauty. Its scenic surroundings and rich royal history make it a peaceful yet captivating destination.
5. Alnwick Castle: A Blend of History and Magic
Alnwick Castle is famous both for its rich history and as the filming location for Hogwarts in the Harry Potter films. The castle has been the seat of the Percy family, the Dukes of Northumberland, for over 700 years. Its stunning architecture and extensive grounds make it one of the most enchanting castles in England.
Why It’s Famous:
- The Percy Family: Alnwick has been home to the powerful Percy family, who played crucial roles in medieval politics and warfare.
- Hogwarts Filming Location: Alnwick Castle served as the backdrop for many scenes in the Harry Potter films, bringing a touch of magic to its historical legacy.
- Large Inhabited Castle: It’s one of the largest inhabited castles in the UK, with parts of the estate still used by the Percy family today.
What I Saw:
- The State Rooms were filled with incredible treasures, from paintings to furniture, showcasing the wealth and influence of the Percy family.
- Alnwick Garden was absolutely stunning, especially the Poison Garden, which was as fascinating as it was eerie.
- The sprawling castle grounds offered plenty of space to explore and relax, with magnificent views at every turn.
What I Did:
- I couldn’t resist taking part in a broomstick flying lesson—as a Harry Potter fan, it was an absolute must!
- The historical tours gave me a deeper understanding of the castle’s long and illustrious past.
- Having lunch in the Alnwick Treehouse, Europe’s largest, was a unique and magical experience.
Why You Should Go: Whether you’re drawn to its history or its magical connections, Alnwick Castle has something for everyone. It’s a place where history and fantasy blend seamlessly.
6. Bodiam Castle: A Fairy-Tale Fortress
Bodiam Castle, built in 1385 by Sir Edward Dalyngrigge, is one of England’s most picturesque medieval fortresses. Its design was intended to defend against a French invasion during the Hundred Years’ War, and its perfectly preserved exterior, complete with a wide moat, makes it look like something straight out of a fairy tale.
Why It’s Famous:
- Perfect Medieval Architecture: Bodiam Castle is one of the best examples of a 14th-century fortress, designed to be both a military stronghold and a comfortable home.
- Picturesque Setting: The castle’s moat and surrounding landscape make it one of the most photographed castles in England.
- Hundred Years’ War: It was built to defend against French invasions during one of England’s most significant conflicts.
What I Saw:
- The Gatehouse is imposing and well-preserved, giving a sense of the castle’s former power.
- Climbing the Towers offered amazing views of the surrounding countryside and moat.
- The moat, filled with wildlife, added to the serene and magical atmosphere of the place.
What I Did:
- Walking through the ruins was like stepping back in time. I could easily imagine knights and lords moving through the same halls centuries ago.
- I couldn’t resist taking countless photos—Bodiam’s reflection in the moat is a photographer’s dream.
Why You Should Go: Bodiam Castle is perfect for anyone who loves history, architecture, or simply beautiful scenery. It’s a peaceful yet inspiring spot that transports you to a different time.
Conclusion: My Castles Adventure
Exploring these incredible castles has been a journey through England’s most fascinating periods of history. From royal palaces to medieval fortresses, each one has left a lasting impression on me. Whether you’re interested in the rich history of royalty, the strategy of medieval warfare, or simply want to soak in breathtaking views, England’s castles offer something for everyone.
If you ever get the chance to visit, I can’t recommend it enough. Each castle is a treasure trove of stories, and I know you’ll walk away feeling just as enchanted as I did.
Call to Action
Have you visited any of these castles or do you have a favourite that I didn’t mention? I’d love to hear your stories in the comments below! Don’t forget to subscribe for more travel tips and tales from my adventures across England.